Unify past-sessions naming format
Format: YYYY-MM-DD-description.md - 2026-01-19-infrastructure-deployment.md - 2026-01-19-backend-api-implementation.md (in progress) Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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name: vercel-react-best-practices
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description: React and Next.js performance optimization guidelines from Vercel Engineering. This skill should be used when writing, reviewing, or refactoring React/Next.js code to ensure optimal performance patterns. Triggers on tasks involving React components, Next.js pages, data fetching, bundle optimization, or performance improvements.
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license: MIT
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metadata:
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author: vercel
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version: "1.0.0"
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---
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# Vercel React Best Practices
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Comprehensive performance optimization guide for React and Next.js applications, maintained by Vercel. Contains 45 rules across 8 categories, prioritized by impact to guide automated refactoring and code generation.
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## When to Apply
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Reference these guidelines when:
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- Writing new React components or Next.js pages
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- Implementing data fetching (client or server-side)
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- Reviewing code for performance issues
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- Refactoring existing React/Next.js code
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- Optimizing bundle size or load times
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## Rule Categories by Priority
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| Priority | Category | Impact | Prefix |
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|----------|----------|--------|--------|
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| 1 | Eliminating Waterfalls | CRITICAL | `async-` |
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| 2 | Bundle Size Optimization | CRITICAL | `bundle-` |
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| 3 | Server-Side Performance | HIGH | `server-` |
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| 4 | Client-Side Data Fetching | MEDIUM-HIGH | `client-` |
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| 5 | Re-render Optimization | MEDIUM | `rerender-` |
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| 6 | Rendering Performance | MEDIUM | `rendering-` |
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| 7 | JavaScript Performance | LOW-MEDIUM | `js-` |
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| 8 | Advanced Patterns | LOW | `advanced-` |
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## Quick Reference
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### 1. Eliminating Waterfalls (CRITICAL)
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- `async-defer-await` - Move await into branches where actually used
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- `async-parallel` - Use Promise.all() for independent operations
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- `async-dependencies` - Use better-all for partial dependencies
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- `async-api-routes` - Start promises early, await late in API routes
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- `async-suspense-boundaries` - Use Suspense to stream content
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### 2. Bundle Size Optimization (CRITICAL)
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- `bundle-barrel-imports` - Import directly, avoid barrel files
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- `bundle-dynamic-imports` - Use next/dynamic for heavy components
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- `bundle-defer-third-party` - Load analytics/logging after hydration
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- `bundle-conditional` - Load modules only when feature is activated
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- `bundle-preload` - Preload on hover/focus for perceived speed
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### 3. Server-Side Performance (HIGH)
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- `server-cache-react` - Use React.cache() for per-request deduplication
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- `server-cache-lru` - Use LRU cache for cross-request caching
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- `server-serialization` - Minimize data passed to client components
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- `server-parallel-fetching` - Restructure components to parallelize fetches
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- `server-after-nonblocking` - Use after() for non-blocking operations
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### 4. Client-Side Data Fetching (MEDIUM-HIGH)
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- `client-swr-dedup` - Use SWR for automatic request deduplication
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- `client-event-listeners` - Deduplicate global event listeners
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### 5. Re-render Optimization (MEDIUM)
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- `rerender-defer-reads` - Don't subscribe to state only used in callbacks
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- `rerender-memo` - Extract expensive work into memoized components
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- `rerender-dependencies` - Use primitive dependencies in effects
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- `rerender-derived-state` - Subscribe to derived booleans, not raw values
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- `rerender-functional-setstate` - Use functional setState for stable callbacks
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- `rerender-lazy-state-init` - Pass function to useState for expensive values
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- `rerender-transitions` - Use startTransition for non-urgent updates
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### 6. Rendering Performance (MEDIUM)
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- `rendering-animate-svg-wrapper` - Animate div wrapper, not SVG element
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- `rendering-content-visibility` - Use content-visibility for long lists
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- `rendering-hoist-jsx` - Extract static JSX outside components
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- `rendering-svg-precision` - Reduce SVG coordinate precision
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- `rendering-hydration-no-flicker` - Use inline script for client-only data
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- `rendering-activity` - Use Activity component for show/hide
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- `rendering-conditional-render` - Use ternary, not && for conditionals
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### 7. JavaScript Performance (LOW-MEDIUM)
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- `js-batch-dom-css` - Group CSS changes via classes or cssText
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- `js-index-maps` - Build Map for repeated lookups
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- `js-cache-property-access` - Cache object properties in loops
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- `js-cache-function-results` - Cache function results in module-level Map
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- `js-cache-storage` - Cache localStorage/sessionStorage reads
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- `js-combine-iterations` - Combine multiple filter/map into one loop
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- `js-length-check-first` - Check array length before expensive comparison
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- `js-early-exit` - Return early from functions
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- `js-hoist-regexp` - Hoist RegExp creation outside loops
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- `js-min-max-loop` - Use loop for min/max instead of sort
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- `js-set-map-lookups` - Use Set/Map for O(1) lookups
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- `js-tosorted-immutable` - Use toSorted() for immutability
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### 8. Advanced Patterns (LOW)
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- `advanced-event-handler-refs` - Store event handlers in refs
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- `advanced-use-latest` - useLatest for stable callback refs
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## How to Use
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Read individual rule files for detailed explanations and code examples:
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```
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rules/async-parallel.md
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rules/bundle-barrel-imports.md
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rules/_sections.md
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```
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Each rule file contains:
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- Brief explanation of why it matters
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- Incorrect code example with explanation
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- Correct code example with explanation
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- Additional context and references
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## Full Compiled Document
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For the complete guide with all rules expanded: `AGENTS.md`
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